-
1 longitude in arc
долгота в улговой мереБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > longitude in arc
-
2 longitude in arc
-
3 longitude in arc
Морской термин: долгота в угловой мере -
4 longitude in arc
-
5 arc
1) дуга
2) арочка
3) дуговой
4) сводовый
5) кривой
6) дугообразный
– arc arrester
– arc brazing
– arc cathode
– arc chute
– arc column
– arc control device
– arc converter
– arc cosine
– arc cotangent
– arc crater
– arc decasy
– arc deposition
– arc discharge
– arc distance
– arc drop
– arc extinction
– arc gouging
– arc heating
– arc initiation
– arc lamp
– arc measure
– arc of circle
– arc of contact
– arc of curve
– arc of cycloid
– arc of parallel
– arc plasma
– arc plasma generator
– arc plug switchboard
– arc polygon
– arc scale
– arc sine
– arc smelting
– arc source
– arc spraying
– arc spraying pistol
– arc tangent
– arc transmitter
– arc welder
– arc welding
– automatic arc welding
– blow out arc
– carbon arc welding
– constricted arc welding
– consumable-electrode arc welding
– covered-electrode arc welding
– deck arc welding
– degree of arc
– describe arc
– diurnal arc
– electric arc
– extinguish arc
– free arc
– great-circle arc
– helium arc welding
– hidden arc welding
– high-field-emission arc
– high-field-emission arc discharge
– high-intensity arc
– high-power arc
– inert gas arc welding
– initiate arc
– initiation of arc
– longitude in arc
– major arc
– manual arc welding
– meridian arc
– metallic arc welding
– minute of arc
– move an arc of a circle
– nitrogen-shielded arc welding
– non-transferred arc torch
– pulsed arc welding
– reflex arc
– sagitta of an arc
– second of arc
– short-circuited arc welding
– small arc
– stentering arc
– strike an arc
– submerged arc welding
– subtend an arc
– tread arc
– triangulation arc
-
6 longitude
-
7 longitude
геогр. -
8 longitude
['lɒndʒɪtjuːd] [AE -tuːd]nome longitudine f.* * *['loŋɡitju:d](the distance, measured in degrees on the map, that a place is east or west of a standard north-south line, usually that which passes through Greenwich: What is the latitude and longitude of that town?) longitudine- longitudinally* * *longitude /ˈlɒndʒɪtju:d/, ( USA) /ˈlɒndʒɪtu:d/n. [cu]1 (geogr.) longitudine2 (arc.) lunghezza.* * *['lɒndʒɪtjuːd] [AE -tuːd]nome longitudine f. -
9 degree
1. степень; ступень 2. градус
degree of abrasion степень абразии
degree of air saturation степень насыщения воздуха
degree of arc угол дуги
degree of compacting степень уплотнения
degree of crystallization степень кристаллизации
degree of curvature угол [степень] кривизны
degree of dip угол падения, угол наклона (пласта)
degree of elevation угол [степень] возвышения
degree of expansion степень расширения, расширяемость
degree of freedom степень свободы системы
degree of hardness степень твёрдости
degree of heat степень нагретости, степень нагрева
degree of humidity степень влажности
degree of latitude градус широты, широта
degree of longitude градус долготы, долгота
degree of metamorphism степень метаморфизма
degree of rounding of grains степень окатанности зёрен
degree of slope угол [степень] наклона
degree of sorting степень сортированности
degree of water hardness степень жёсткости воды
compactness degree степень уплотнённости
geothermic degree геотермический градиент
ordering degree степень упорядоченности
relative degree of humidity относительная степень влажности
zero degree абсолютный нуль (температурной шкалы)
* * * -
10 time
1) время
2) времена
3) временной
4) година
5) раз
6) хронировать
7) хронометражный
8) хронометрировать
9) срок
10) период
11) отмечать время
12) времяобразный
13) пора
14) такт
15) продолжительность
16) измерять
17) отсчитывать
18) синхронизировать
19) момент
– a longer time
– access time
– after-glow time
– all the time
– allowed time
– alloying time
– application time
– arrival time
– at that time
– at the same time
– auxiliary time
– beat time
– blanking time
– blowing time
– booking time
– braking time
– build-up time
– burn-out time
– by this time
– capture time
– charging time
– check-out time
– circuit time
– circulation time
– civil time
– clearing time
– coherence time
– computing time
– connection time
– continuous time
– conversion time
– count up time
– countdown time
– counting time
– curing time
– current-rise time
– cut-off time
– cycle time
– damping time
– de-excitation time
– dead time
– debug time
– decay time
– delay time
– demand time
– departure time
– detection time
– discharge time
– distribution in time
– down time
– drift time
– dwell time
– ephemeris time
– equation of time
– equilibration time
– estimated time
– excitation time
– exposure time
– fall time
– filing time
– fixed time
– flashing time
– flight time
– for a long time
– for the first time
– for the second time
– gelatination time
– generation time
– good time
– heat time
– hold time
– holding time
– hunting time
– idle time
– improvement time
– in real time
– in time
– in-service time
– installation time
– instant time
– integration time
– interaction time
– keep time
– lag time
– lead time
– legal time
– life time
– load time
– local time
– locking time
– longitude in time
– lost time
– machine time
– machining time
– manual time
– molding time
– Moscow time
– most of the time
– negative time
– next time
– nitriding time
– non real time
– off-air time
– operate time
– operation time
– paid time
– passage time
– payment on time
– periodic time
– pertaining to time
– point in time
– port time
– predetermined time
– preparation time
– preset time
– processing time
– production time
– propagation time
– pull-in time
– pulse time
– pulse-delay time
– pump-down time
– pumping time
– quantization time
– reaction time
– read-out time
– readout time
– real time
– reclosing time
– recognition time
– recording time
– recovery time
– recurrence time
– relaxation time
– release time
– releasing time
– reset time
– resolving time
– response time
– resting time
– retention time
– retrace time
– retrieval time
– return time
– reverberation time
– ringing time
– rise time
– rolling time
– running time
– sampling time
– saving of time
– schedule time
– scheduled time
– screwdown time
– selection time
– separation in time
– settling time
– setup time
– sidereal time
– slew time
– slot time
– slowing-down time
– soaking time
– solar time
– splitting time
– stabilization time
– standard time
– starting time
– storage time
– survival time
– switching time
– teardown time
– time acceleration
– time average
– time averaging
– time behaviour
– time card
– time cargo
– time cell
– time check
– time coherence
– time compression
– time compressor
– time constant
– time correlation
– time delay
– time demodulation
– time dependence
– time derivative
– time diagram
– time dilatation
– time discriminator
– time diversity
– time division
– time effect
– time fuse
– time grading
– time history
– time in flight
– time in rolls
– time integral
– time interval
– time inversion
– time lag
– time lag of switching
– time line
– time magnifier
– time mark
– time marker
– time meter
– time modulation
– time multiplex
– time multiplexing
– time of circulation
– time of cure
– time of exposure
– time of flight
– time of operation
– time of propagation
– time of release
– time of response
– time of solution
– time off
– time on
– time per piece
– time quadrature
– time relay
– time release
– time resolution
– time response
– time sampling
– time scale
– time scaling
– time scanning
– time sequence
– time sharing
– time shift
– time signal
– time slicing
– time slot
– time span
– time spread
– time star
– time step-interval
– time to failure
– time to go
– time to rupture
– time variation
– time zone
– transient time
– transit time
– transition time
– trapping time
– travel time
– true time
– turn-off time
– turn-on time
– unit time
– universal time
– unoccupied time
– upsetting time
– valve-opening time
– viewing time
– waiting time
– warm-up time
– word time
– zero time
– zone time
crystal-controlled time marker — кварцованная временная метка
electric time locking — < railways> электрозамыкание временное
from time to time — временами, по временам
from time to time — временами, по временам
injection-and-transit time diode — инжекционно-пролетный диод
local apparent time — <astr.> время истинное местное
mean solar time — среднее солнечное время, <astr.> время солнечное истинное
non-radiative relaxation time — время бызызлучательной релаксации
one-pulse time delay — задержка импульса на один главный импульс, задержка импульса на один разряд
preparation and finishing-up time — <industr.> время подготовительно-заключительное
pulse rise time — время нарастания импульса, длительность фронта импульса
time and percussion fuse — <engin.> взрыватель комбинированного действия дистанционный
time domain spectroscopy — <opt.> спектроскопия временная
time interval system — < railways> разграничение поездов временем
time magnifying study — <engin.> лупа времени
-
11 degree
градус, степень@degree of arcградус дуги@degree of circleградус как угловая мера@degree of ellipticityстепень сжатия@degree of latitudeградус широты@degree of longitudeградус долготы@degree of obscurationстепень потемнения при затмении@degree of openess of spiralстепень развития спиральной структуры галактики@square degreeквадратный градус@ -
12 Huygens, Christiaan
SUBJECT AREA: Horology[br]b. 14 April 1629 The Hague, the Netherlandsd. 8 June 1695 The Hague, the Netherlands[br]Dutch scientist who was responsible for two of the greatest advances in horology: the successful application of both the pendulum to the clock and the balance spring to the watch.[br]Huygens was born into a cultured and privileged class. His father, Constantijn, was a poet and statesman who had wide interests. Constantijn exerted a strong influence on his son, who was educated at home until he reached the age of 16. Christiaan studied law and mathematics at Ley den University from 1645 to 1647, and continued his studies at the Collegium Arausiacum in Breda until 1649. He then lived at The Hague, where he had the means to devote his time entirely to study. In 1666 he became a Member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris and settled there until his return to The Hague in 1681. He also had a close relationship with the Royal Society and visited London on three occasions, meeting Newton on his last visit in 1689. Huygens had a wide range of interests and made significant contributions in mathematics, astronomy, optics and mechanics. He also made technical advances in optical instruments and horology.Despite the efforts of Burgi there had been no significant improvement in the performance of ordinary clocks and watches from their inception to Huygens's time, as they were controlled by foliots or balances which had no natural period of oscillation. The pendulum appeared to offer a means of improvement as it had a natural period of oscillation that was almost independent of amplitude. Galileo Galilei had already pioneered the use of a freely suspended pendulum for timing events, but it was by no means obvious how it could be kept swinging and used to control a clock. Towards the end of his life Galileo described such a. mechanism to his son Vincenzio, who constructed a model after his father's death, although it was not completed when he himself died in 1642. This model appears to have been copied in Italy, but it had little influence on horology, partly because of the circumstances in which it was produced and possibly also because it differed radically from clocks of that period. The crucial event occurred on Christmas Day 1656 when Huygens, quite independently, succeeded in adapting an existing spring-driven table clock so that it was not only controlled by a pendulum but also kept it swinging. In the following year he was granted a privilege or patent for this clock, and several were made by the clockmaker Salomon Coster of The Hague. The use of the pendulum produced a dramatic improvement in timekeeping, reducing the daily error from minutes to seconds, but Huygens was aware that the pendulum was not truly isochronous. This error was magnified by the use of the existing verge escapement, which made the pendulum swing through a large arc. He overcame this defect very elegantly by fitting cheeks at the pendulum suspension point, progressively reducing the effective length of the pendulum as the amplitude increased. Initially the cheeks were shaped empirically, but he was later able to show that they should have a cycloidal shape. The cheeks were not adopted universally because they introduced other defects, and the problem was eventually solved more prosaically by way of new escapements which reduced the swing of the pendulum. Huygens's clocks had another innovatory feature: maintaining power, which kept the clock going while it was being wound.Pendulums could not be used for portable timepieces, which continued to use balances despite their deficiencies. Robert Hooke was probably the first to apply a spring to the balance, but his efforts were not successful. From his work on the pendulum Huygens was well aware of the conditions necessary for isochronism in a vibrating system, and in January 1675, with a flash of inspiration, he realized that this could be achieved by controlling the oscillations of the balance with a spiral spring, an arrangement that is still used in mechanical watches. The first model was made for Huygens in Paris by the clockmaker Isaac Thuret, who attempted to appropriate the invention and patent it himself. Huygens had for many years been trying unsuccessfully to adapt the pendulum clock for use at sea (in order to determine longitude), and he hoped that a balance-spring timekeeper might be better suited for this purpose. However, he was disillusioned as its timekeeping proved to be much more susceptible to changes in temperature than that of the pendulum clock.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1663. Member of the Académie Royale des Sciences 1666.BibliographyFor his complete works, see Oeuvres complètes de Christian Huygens, 1888–1950, 22 vols, The Hague.1658, Horologium, The Hague; repub., 1970, trans. E.L.Edwardes, AntiquarianHorology 7:35–55 (describes the pendulum clock).1673, Horologium Oscillatorium, Paris; repub., 1986, The Pendulum Clock or Demonstrations Concerning the Motion ofPendula as Applied to Clocks, trans.R.J.Blackwell, Ames.The balance spring watch was first described in Journal des Sçavans 25 February 1675, and translated in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (1675) 4:272–3.Further ReadingH.J.M.Bos, 1972, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, ed. C.C.Gillispie, Vol. 6, New York, pp. 597–613 (for a fuller account of his life and scientific work, but note the incorrect date of his death).R.Plomp, 1979, Spring-Driven Dutch Pendulum Clocks, 1657–1710, Schiedam (describes Huygens's application of the pendulum to the clock).S.A.Bedini, 1991, The Pulse of Time, Florence (describes Galileo's contribution of the pendulum to the clock).J.H.Leopold, 1982, "L"Invention par Christiaan Huygens du ressort spiral réglant pour les montres', Huygens et la France, Paris, pp. 154–7 (describes the application of the balance spring to the watch).A.R.Hall, 1978, "Horology and criticism", Studia Copernica 16:261–81 (discusses Hooke's contribution).DV
См. также в других словарях:
Longitude — For Dava Sobel s book about John Harrison, see Longitude (book). For the adaptation of Sobel s book, see Longitude (TV series). Map of Earth Longitude (λ) Lines of longitude appear vertical with varying curvature in this projection, but are… … Wikipedia
longitude — Synonyms and related words: Antarctic Zone, Arctic Circle, Arctic Zone, Cartesian coordinates, Frigid Zones, Lambert conformal projection, Mercator projection, Miller projection, Torrid Zone, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Variable Zones … Moby Thesaurus
longitude — (Roget s IV) n. Syn. longitude in arc, longitude in time, celestial longitude; see distance 3 , measure 1 … English dictionary for students
Arc (Doubs) — Arc et Senans Arc et Senans Pays … Wikipédia en Français
longitude — [ lɔ̃ʒityd ] n. f. • 1525; « longueur » 1314; lat. longitudo ♦ L une des coordonnées sphériques d un point de la surface terrestre; distance angulaire de ce point au méridien d origine mesurée en degrés. Île située par 60° de latitude sud et 40°… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Longitude — Lon gi*tude, n. [F., fr. L. longitudo, fr. longus long.] 1. Length; measure or distance along the longest line; distinguished from {breadth} or {thickness}; as, the longitude of a room; rare now, except in a humorous sense. Sir H. Wotton. [1913… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Longitude stars — Longitude Lon gi*tude, n. [F., fr. L. longitudo, fr. longus long.] 1. Length; measure or distance along the longest line; distinguished from {breadth} or {thickness}; as, the longitude of a room; rare now, except in a humorous sense. Sir H.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Longitude by chronometer — Longitude by Chronometer, known by mariners as Long by Chron , is an astronomical navigation method of calculating an observer s position on earth. The method gives the observer a position line on which the observer is situated. Usually the… … Wikipedia
longitude — [län′jə to͞od΄, län′jətyo͞od΄; lôn′jə to͞od΄, lôn′jə tyo͞od΄] n. [ME < L longitudo < longus, LONG1] 1. length 2. distance east or west on the earth s surface, measured as an arc of the equator (in degrees up to 180° or by the difference in… … English World dictionary
arc — 1. arc [ ark ] n. m. • 1080; lat. arcus 1 ♦ Arme formée d une tige souple (de bois, de métal) que l on courbe au moyen d une corde attachée aux deux extrémités pour lancer des flèches. Arc et arbalète. Bander, tendre l arc. Tirer des flèches avec … Encyclopédie Universelle
Arc Héré — Place Stanislas Places Stanislas, de la Carrière et d Alliance à Nancy 1 Patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO Le pavillon de l Opéra en mars 2007 Latitude … Wikipédia en Français